See tamada on Wiktionary
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son-in-law; father-in-law; sovereign's brother-in-law; lover, wooer", "tr": "dâmâd" }, "expansion": "Persian داماد (dâmâd, “bridegroom; son-in-law; father-in-law; sovereign's brother-in-law; lover, wooer”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "kbd", "2": "адэ", "t": "father" }, "expansion": "Kabardian адэ (adɛ, “father”)", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "ka", "2": "თავი", "3": "მაგიდა", "nocap": "1", "nocat": "1", "t1": "head", "t2": "table" }, "expansion": "blend of თავი (tavi, “head”) + მაგიდა (magida, “table”)", "name": "blend" }, { "args": { "1": "folk etymology" }, "expansion": "folk etymology", "name": "glossary" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Georgian თამადა (tamada), from (Proto-?)Circassian *tħamada (compare Adyghe тхьаматэ (tḥamatɛ, “foreman of a village; boss; master; chairman; (dated) husband”), Kabardian тхьэмадэ (tḥɛmadɛ, “foreman of a village; boss; master; chairman; (dialectal) bridegroom, wooer”)), probably from Ottoman Turkish داماد (damat, “bridegroom; son-in-law; sovereign's brother-in-law”) (from Persian داماد (dâmâd, “bridegroom; son-in-law; father-in-law; sovereign's brother-in-law; lover, wooer”)) with the ending reshaped under the influence of Kabardian адэ (adɛ, “father”).\nThe suggestion that the word is derived from a blend of თავი (tavi, “head”) + მაგიდა (magida, “table”) (in the sense of a person at the head of a table) is a folk etymology.", "forms": [ { "form": "tamadas", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "tamada (plural tamadas)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "ta‧ma‧da" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Karachay-Balkar terms with redundant transliterations", "parents": [ "Terms with redundant transliterations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Armenian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Belarusian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Chechen translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Chuvash translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Estonian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Georgian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Polish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Turkish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Uzbek translations", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "place", "langcode": "en", "name": "Georgia", "orig": "en:Georgia", "parents": [ "Asia", "Europe", "Earth", "Eurasia", "Nature", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "People", "orig": "en:People", "parents": [ "Human", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Talking", "orig": "en:Talking", "parents": [ "Human behaviour", "Language", "Human", "Communication", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1977, Bart McDowell, Journey across Russia: The Soviet Union Today, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, →ISBN, page 223:", "text": "We have the custom of a toastmaker – the tamada, we call him. For the sake of order, he proposes all the toasts. Will you support me as tamada?", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1982, Soviet Literature: A Monthly Journal of the Union of Writers of the U.S.S.R., Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 24:", "text": "The tamada—the master of ceremonies—with practised skill opened a bottle and poured out half a glassful for himself with the explanation, \"The tamada must drink first. If there's poison in this glass you'll soon know of it and save yourself.\"", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1989, Dee Ann Holisky, The Annual of the Society for the Study of Caucasia, Chicago, Ill.: The Society for the Study of Caucasia, →OCLC, page 26:", "text": "A good tamada has a number of special qualities. First of all, a good tamada is one who is good with words, who speaks clearly and cleverly, who can say in a^([sic]) original way things which are heard over and over again at every supra. The best tamadas are extemporaneous poets.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1992, National Geographic Magazine, volume 181, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 110:", "text": "A tamada, or toastmaster—an obligatory feature of any Georgian feast—Cholokashvili was proposing the ultimate toast, to the mystery and romance of the vine. [...] Unfortunately it is also traditional that all tamadas have to be obeyed, as I learned from Zezva Gochilaidze in Tusheti.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1997, Mary Ellen Chatwin, Socio-cultural Transformation and Foodways in the Republic of Georgia, Commack, N.Y.: Nova Science Publishers, →ISBN, page 176:", "text": "Although Georgians don't commonly determine any vocabulary which signifies specific states of intoxication, these states are mentioned indirectly by tamadas when they explain the difficult task of keeping drinkers' moods and inebriation at the table at an even keel.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2017, Aksana Ismailbekova, “Rahim’s Victory Feast: Political Patronage and Kinship in Solidarity”, in Blood Ties and the Native Son: Poetics of Patronage in Kyrgyzstan, Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, →ISBN, page 168:", "text": "This tamada had excellent rhetorical skills; he was fluent in both Russian and Kyrgyz and knew the languages of humor and honor.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A toastmaster at a feast in the Caucasus, especially in Georgia." ], "id": "en-tamada-en-noun-IahRxZ60", "links": [ [ "toastmaster", "toastmaster" ], [ "feast", "feast#Noun" ], [ "Caucasus", "Caucasus" ], [ "Georgia", "Georgia" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(chiefly Georgia) A toastmaster at a feast in the Caucasus, especially in Georgia." ], "tags": [ "Georgia" ], "translations": [ { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "tʻamada", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "թամադա" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "seġanapet", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "սեղանապետ" }, { "code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "tamadá", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "тамада́" }, { "code": "ce", "lang": "Chechen", "roman": "tḥʳamda", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "тхьамда" }, { "code": "cv", "lang": "Chuvash", "roman": "kĕrek̬eś̬ĕ", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "кӗрекеҫӗ" }, { "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "tamada", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "თამადა" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ṭolumbaši", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "ტოლუმბაში" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Tamada" }, { "code": "krc", "lang": "Karachay-Balkar", "roman": "tamata", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "тамата" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "tamadá", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "тамада́" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "tamadá", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "тамада́" }, { "code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Niko Pirosmani", "State Museum of Oriental Art" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈtɑːmədə/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈtɑːmədɑː/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tamada1.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada1.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada1.wav.ogg" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tamada2.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada2.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada2.wav.ogg" }, { "ipa": "/ˈtɑmədə/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈtɑmədɑ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] } ], "word": "tamada" }
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "From the collection of the State Museum of Oriental Art in Moscow, Russia.", "group": "n", "name": "n1" }, "expansion": "", "name": "refn" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ka", "3": "თამადა" }, "expansion": "Georgian თამადა (tamada)", "name": "bor" }, { "args": { "1": "ady", "2": "тхьаматэ", "t": "foreman of a village; boss; master; chairman; (dated) husband" }, "expansion": "Adyghe тхьаматэ (tḥamatɛ, “foreman of a village; boss; master; chairman; (dated) husband”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "kbd", "2": "тхьэмадэ", "t": "foreman of a village; boss; master; chairman; (dialectal) bridegroom, wooer" }, "expansion": "Kabardian тхьэмадэ (tḥɛmadɛ, “foreman of a village; boss; master; chairman; (dialectal) bridegroom, wooer”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ota", "3": "داماد", "t": "bridegroom; son-in-law; sovereign's brother-in-law", "tr": "damat" }, "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish داماد (damat, “bridegroom; son-in-law; sovereign's brother-in-law”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "fa", "3": "داماد", "t": "bridegroom; son-in-law; father-in-law; sovereign's brother-in-law; lover, wooer", "tr": "dâmâd" }, "expansion": "Persian داماد (dâmâd, “bridegroom; son-in-law; father-in-law; sovereign's brother-in-law; lover, wooer”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "kbd", "2": "адэ", "t": "father" }, "expansion": "Kabardian адэ (adɛ, “father”)", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "ka", "2": "თავი", "3": "მაგიდა", "nocap": "1", "nocat": "1", "t1": "head", "t2": "table" }, "expansion": "blend of თავი (tavi, “head”) + მაგიდა (magida, “table”)", "name": "blend" }, { "args": { "1": "folk etymology" }, "expansion": "folk etymology", "name": "glossary" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Georgian თამადა (tamada), from (Proto-?)Circassian *tħamada (compare Adyghe тхьаматэ (tḥamatɛ, “foreman of a village; boss; master; chairman; (dated) husband”), Kabardian тхьэмадэ (tḥɛmadɛ, “foreman of a village; boss; master; chairman; (dialectal) bridegroom, wooer”)), probably from Ottoman Turkish داماد (damat, “bridegroom; son-in-law; sovereign's brother-in-law”) (from Persian داماد (dâmâd, “bridegroom; son-in-law; father-in-law; sovereign's brother-in-law; lover, wooer”)) with the ending reshaped under the influence of Kabardian адэ (adɛ, “father”).\nThe suggestion that the word is derived from a blend of თავი (tavi, “head”) + მაგიდა (magida, “table”) (in the sense of a person at the head of a table) is a folk etymology.", "forms": [ { "form": "tamadas", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "tamada (plural tamadas)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "ta‧ma‧da" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms borrowed from Georgian", "English terms derived from Georgian", "English terms derived from Ottoman Turkish", "English terms derived from Persian", "English terms with quotations", "Entries with translation boxes", "Karachay-Balkar terms with redundant transliterations", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Chuvash translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Karachay-Balkar translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "en:Georgia", "en:People", "en:Talking" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1977, Bart McDowell, Journey across Russia: The Soviet Union Today, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, →ISBN, page 223:", "text": "We have the custom of a toastmaker – the tamada, we call him. For the sake of order, he proposes all the toasts. Will you support me as tamada?", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1982, Soviet Literature: A Monthly Journal of the Union of Writers of the U.S.S.R., Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 24:", "text": "The tamada—the master of ceremonies—with practised skill opened a bottle and poured out half a glassful for himself with the explanation, \"The tamada must drink first. If there's poison in this glass you'll soon know of it and save yourself.\"", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1989, Dee Ann Holisky, The Annual of the Society for the Study of Caucasia, Chicago, Ill.: The Society for the Study of Caucasia, →OCLC, page 26:", "text": "A good tamada has a number of special qualities. First of all, a good tamada is one who is good with words, who speaks clearly and cleverly, who can say in a^([sic]) original way things which are heard over and over again at every supra. The best tamadas are extemporaneous poets.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1992, National Geographic Magazine, volume 181, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 110:", "text": "A tamada, or toastmaster—an obligatory feature of any Georgian feast—Cholokashvili was proposing the ultimate toast, to the mystery and romance of the vine. [...] Unfortunately it is also traditional that all tamadas have to be obeyed, as I learned from Zezva Gochilaidze in Tusheti.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1997, Mary Ellen Chatwin, Socio-cultural Transformation and Foodways in the Republic of Georgia, Commack, N.Y.: Nova Science Publishers, →ISBN, page 176:", "text": "Although Georgians don't commonly determine any vocabulary which signifies specific states of intoxication, these states are mentioned indirectly by tamadas when they explain the difficult task of keeping drinkers' moods and inebriation at the table at an even keel.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2017, Aksana Ismailbekova, “Rahim’s Victory Feast: Political Patronage and Kinship in Solidarity”, in Blood Ties and the Native Son: Poetics of Patronage in Kyrgyzstan, Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, →ISBN, page 168:", "text": "This tamada had excellent rhetorical skills; he was fluent in both Russian and Kyrgyz and knew the languages of humor and honor.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A toastmaster at a feast in the Caucasus, especially in Georgia." ], "links": [ [ "toastmaster", "toastmaster" ], [ "feast", "feast#Noun" ], [ "Caucasus", "Caucasus" ], [ "Georgia", "Georgia" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(chiefly Georgia) A toastmaster at a feast in the Caucasus, especially in Georgia." ], "tags": [ "Georgia" ], "wikipedia": [ "Niko Pirosmani", "State Museum of Oriental Art" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈtɑːmədə/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈtɑːmədɑː/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tamada1.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada1.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada1.wav.ogg" }, { "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tamada2.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada2.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tamada2.wav.ogg" }, { "ipa": "/ˈtɑmədə/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈtɑmədɑ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] } ], "translations": [ { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "tʻamada", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "թամադա" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "seġanapet", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "սեղանապետ" }, { "code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "tamadá", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "тамада́" }, { "code": "ce", "lang": "Chechen", "roman": "tḥʳamda", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "тхьамда" }, { "code": "cv", "lang": "Chuvash", "roman": "kĕrek̬eś̬ĕ", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "кӗрекеҫӗ" }, { "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "tamada", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "თამადა" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ṭolumbaši", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "ტოლუმბაში" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Tamada" }, { "code": "krc", "lang": "Karachay-Balkar", "roman": "tamata", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "тамата" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "tamadá", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "тамада́" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" }, { "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "tamadá", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "тамада́" }, { "code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "(chiefly Georgia) toastmaster", "word": "tamada" } ], "word": "tamada" }
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